Removal of bisphenol A from synthetic and treated sewage wastewater using magnetron sputtered Cu x O/PVDF thin film photocatalytic hollow fiber membrane
Flexible hollow fiber polymeric membrane based thin film substrate sputtered with thin layer photocatalyst is a novel configuration for photocatalytic applications. This article focuses on the fabrication of copper oxide/ polyvinylidene fluoride thin film hollow fiber membrane (Cu x O/PVDF TF HFM) by using radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering of Cu x O over PVDF hollow fiber membrane (HFM). Different phase of copper oxide (Cu x O) detected on the layer of PVDF HFM by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), depending on oxygen flow rate. 10-20 mL/min O 2 flow rate produces Cu 2 O phase while 25 and 30 mL/min produces CuO phase. Sputtered Cu 2 O/PVDF TF HFM at 20 mL/min O 2 shows bigger grain size of 2.1 nm with 0.35 nm of dislocation density and 0.019 nm of lattice strain. The higher the O 2 flow rate, the thicker and the more uniform the sputtered Cu x O/PVDF TF HFM was produced as indicated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis showed the increasing surface roughness of the sputtered 10 mL/min Cu x O/PVDF TF HFM at 8.26 nm, as compared to the neat PVDF HFM at 6.15 nm. About 74 % of 2 mg/L bisphenol A (BPA) in synthetic wastewater was successfully photodegraded and filtered while outstanding 91 % removal of BPA in real treated sewage wastewater achieved using 20 mL/min Cu 2 O/PVDF TF HFM after 360 min light irradiation. About 71.33 % of regeneration efficiency was achieved after 3 consecutive cycles that this technique promises the good reusability with strong adhesion capability.
Authors
Abstract
Flexible hollow fiber polymeric membrane based thin film substrate sputtered with thin layer photocatalyst is a novel configuration for photocatalytic applications. This article focuses on the fabrication of copper oxide/ polyvinylidene fluoride thin film hollow fiber membrane (Cu x O/PVDF TF HFM) by using radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering of Cu x O over PVDF hollow fiber membrane (HFM). Different phase of copper oxide (Cu x O) detected on the layer of PVDF HFM by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), depending on oxygen flow rate. 10-20 mL/min O 2 flow rate produces Cu 2 O phase while 25 and 30 mL/min produces CuO phase. Sputtered Cu 2 O/PVDF TF HFM at 20 mL/min O 2 shows bigger grain size of 2.1 nm with 0.35 nm of dislocation density and 0.019 nm of lattice strain. The higher the O 2 flow rate, the thicker and the more uniform the sputtered Cu x O/PVDF TF HFM was produced as indicated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis showed the increasing surface roughness of the sputtered 10 mL/min Cu x O/PVDF TF HFM at 8.26 nm, as compared to the neat PVDF HFM at 6.15 nm. About 74 % of 2 mg/L bisphenol A (BPA) in synthetic wastewater was successfully photodegraded and filtered while outstanding 91 % removal of BPA in real treated sewage wastewater achieved using 20 mL/min Cu 2 O/PVDF TF HFM after 360 min light irradiation. About 71.33 % of regeneration efficiency was achieved after 3 consecutive cycles that this technique promises the good reusability with strong adhesion capability.
Citation
APA: